Which describes the hazard classification of hexavalent chromium?

• A. Not hazardous
• B. Highly toxic and carcinogenic
• C. Harmless when inhaled
• D. Only a cosmetic hazard

Answer: (B)

Hexavalent chromium is a highly toxic substance with a well-established cancer risk, which is why its hazard classification emphasizes both acute toxicity and long-term carcinogenic potential. In practice, Cr(VI) compounds are recognized as human carcinogens by major health and safety agencies, with inhalation being a principal route of serious harm. This means exposure can lead to cancers of the lungs, nasal and sinus areas, and other respiratory issues, on top of irritating and damaging skin and mucous membranes. Because of this combination of immediate irritant effects and long-term cancer risk, Cr(VI) is treated as a high-priority hazard requiring strict controls, monitoring, and protective measures. The other descriptions—being not hazardous, harmless when inhaled, or only a cosmetic hazard—do not fit the documented health risks of Cr(VI).