Which statement about chromium VI is true?

• A. It is a harmless trace element.
• B. It is a highly toxic and carcinogenic form of chromium.
• C. It is a stable, inert metal.
• D. It is only dangerous when ingested in large amounts.

Answer: (B)

Chromium in the +6 oxidation state refers to hexavalent chromium compounds, which are among the most toxic and carcinogenic inorganic substances. These compounds are strong oxidizers and are often water-soluble, so they can enter the body easily through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion. Inside the body, Cr(VI) is typically reduced to Cr(III), and this process can generate reactive species that damage DNA and other cellular components, increasing cancer risk with chronic exposure. Because of this high toxicity and carcinogenic potential, Chromium VI is not a harmless trace element, nor is it a stable inert metal. The danger is not limited to large ingestions—exposure by inhalation or skin contact can also be hazardous. This is why the statement that chromium VI is highly toxic and carcinogenic is the true one.